Pakistan Sets Record with 21.7 TWh Nuclear Power in 2024

Pakistan has achieved a major milestone in its energy sector by generating a record 21.7 terawatt-hours (TWh) of nuclear electricity in 2024, according to the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC).

This is the highest-ever nuclear power output in the country’s history, surpassing the previous record of 21.3 TWh in 2023. The increase reflects the growing role of nuclear electricity in Pakistan’s energy mix, especially as the country seeks more stable, affordable, and low-emission power sources.

Key Nuclear Power Plants Driving the Growth

The record output was made possible by consistent performance from Pakistan’s operational nuclear power plants, particularly:

• Chashma-3 and Chashma-4, each with capacity factors above 90%,

• Karachi Nuclear Power Plant (KANUPP-2 and 3), which supply electricity to the southern grid.

Pakistan’s total installed nuclear capacity now stands at 3,530 megawatts (MW). This includes four active plants at Chashma and two at Karachi. This fleet is set to expand with Chashma-5 (C-5), a 1,200 MW unit currently under construction, which is expected to further boost nuclear generation in the coming years.

Nuclear's Share in Pakistan’s Power Grid

According to government data, nuclear power accounted for 26.5% of the national electricity generation in December 2024, making it the top contributor for that month, even ahead of hydropower, RLNG, and coal.

The steady and reliable nature of base-load nuclear energy has helped reduce the frequency of load shedding, especially during peak demand seasons.

Cost Benefits and Economic Impact

In addition to its performance, nuclear electricity remains one of the cheapest sources of power in Pakistan. According to recent figures, the per unit cost was around PKR 1.54, significantly lower than imported RLNG or furnace oil-based generation.

This shift toward low-cost nuclear energy is helping Pakistan cut down its fuel import bill, stabilise consumer electricity prices, and meet its long-term energy goals.

Experts note that nuclear’s contribution is not just economic, but also environmental. By reducing dependence on fossil fuels, Pakistan’s nuclear power generation helps lower carbon emissions, supporting cleaner air and global climate commitments.

Looking Ahead

With new projects like Chashma-5 in the pipeline and a long-term vision to reach 40,000 MW of nuclear capacity by 2050, Pakistan’s nuclear power sector is set for continued expansion.

However, experts emphasise the need for strong policy support, transparent regulation, and investment in safety and waste management to ensure the sector grows sustainably.

This record-setting year marks a significant step for Pakistan in building a resilient and affordable energy future, with nuclear power becoming a cornerstone of national electricity generation.